Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of death globally, caused by Mycobacterium
tuberculosis. With 10% of all cases worldwide in 2022, Indonesia is the second-largest contributor of
tuberculosis cases. IFN-γ gene polymorphism is one of the factors that have been studied extensively for its
association with TB.
Aims: To analyze IFN-γ +874T/A gene polymorphism as a risk factor for pulmonary tuberculosis in Cirebon.
Methods: Observational analysis with case control design was used in this study. Thirty-two tuberculosis
patients as cases and 32 healthy controls at RSUD Waled were collected and performed DNA extraction to
evaluate the polymorphism by using Amplification-refractory mutation system–polymerase chain reaction
(ARMS–PCR). Statistical comparison was performed by using Pearson Chi-square and Kruskal Wallis test.
Mann-Whitney U test was done for post hoc test. Odds ratio was calculated to see the risk of the assessed
variables, including genotype, allele frequency, and the presence of polymorphism.
Results: In the case group, the frequency of TT genotype was 3 (9.4%), TA genotype was 26 (81.3%), AA
genotype was 3 (9.4%). In the control group, the frequency of TT genotype was 12 (37.5%), TA genotype was
17 (53.1%), AA genotype was 3 (9.4%). A significant difference (p=0.034) was found among 3 genotype
groups. Post hoc test revealed that TT and TA was the pair with significant difference (p=0.007). In addition,
TA polymorphism was significantly associated (p=0.004) with tuberculosis (OR=6.614; CI95% = 1.660-
26.349).
Conclusion: IFN-γ +874 TA gene polymorphism is associated with pulmonary tuberculosis in the population
of Cirebon, West Java, Indonesia.