Background. This research examines the normative juridical aspects of the process of establishing community organizations (CSOs) and the role of the National and Political Unity Agency (Kesbangpol) in dealing with the problem of dualism of CSOs in Indonesia, focusing on regulatory changes from Law Number 17 of 2013 to Law Number 16 of 2017 concerning Community Organizations. This change has a significant impact on freedom of association because the government now has the authority to dissolve mass organizations without going through a judicial process.

Aims. The primary objective of this study is to examine the legal implications of the regulation and assess the strategic role of Kesbangpol in resolving internal conflicts within mass organizations, particularly in the context of leadership dualism. The research method employed is normative juridical, utilizing a legislative approach and a literature study.

Method. Normative juridical research is a method of legal research that involves examining primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials to analyze how these legal norms are applied in reality. The primary focus of this method is on positive legal norms, so the object of study is relevant legal documents, laws, regulations, and legal theories.

Result. The study's results show that, although the regulatory changes aim to maintain national stability and prevent radicalism, there is a potential violation of human rights and democratic principles. Meanwhile, Kesbangpol has a vital role in supervising and fostering mass organizations, but is often limited by technical and budgetary regulations.

Conclusion. A thorough evaluation of the effectiveness of the role of Kesbangpol and a review of the policy of dissolving CSOs are needed to ensure alignment with the constitution and the principles of the rule of law.

Implementation. This research is expected to contribute to the development of constitutional law and the protection of civil liberties in Indonesia